杜海涛沈梦辰同框

【环球时报综合报道】《环球时报》记者9月14日从中国航天科技集团六院处获悉，由航天科技集团六院西安航天动力研究所自主研究设计的某型液氧煤油发动机实现重复飞行试验验证，该型发动机作为某飞行器主动力装置参加首飞试验后，经检测维护，顺利完成了重复飞行试验，这也是国内首次实现液体火箭动力的重复使用。

B |     Canberra, Oct 11 (UNI) Two Australian men have been charged with bribing Sri Lankan officials to secure infrastructure contracts worth millions of dollars.
Australian police arrested the pair last month after a decade-long investigation spanning several countries, BBC reported.
The men, aged 67 and 71, worked for a company which has been accused of misconduct in South Asian countries, it said.
They are yet to respond to the charges and will face court.
The Australian Federal Police (AFP) say the men arranged bribes of more than A$304,000 ($190,000) to government officials between 2009 and 2016.
The bribes were allegedly made in the pursuit of two Sri Lankan projects -- which police did not name -- worth A$14m.
The charges follow an investigation into SMEC International Pty Ltd, an Australian-based engineering firm, which involved authorities from the US, Canada, India and elsewhere, the BBC reported.
More arrests and charges are possible, the AFP said.
"Corruption undermines fair competition and can have disastrous consequences for developing economies, global anti-poverty and development efforts," Detective Supt Helen Schneider said.
Originally known as the Snowy Mountains Engineering Corp, SMEC was formed in 1949 to build an iconic Australian infrastructure project. It has since grown to employ 5,400 staff in many countries.
In 2017, the World Bank temporarily barred SMEC and four subsidiaries in India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka from bidding for any of its contracts, the report said.
The World Bank said it had discovered evidence linking the company to suspected "inappropriate payments" in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh.
At the time, a spokesperson for SMEC said the allegations did not relate to any Australian projects, and that the company would continue to strengthen its corporate integrity compliance programmes.
Protests erupted in Sri Lanka this year over corruption allegations and the country's worst economic crisis in history, it said.
UNI MR。

C | 自由进出太空，是航天运输系统后续发展的主要方向，发展可重复使用航天运载器则是实现自由进出太空的关键环节。近年来，随着美国“猎鹰9号”火箭重复使用的成熟应用，各国已经掀起新一轮重复使用技术的发展热潮。而液体火箭发动机作为航天运载器的主要动力装置，具有功能全、性能高、任务适应强、技术难度大、研制周期长等特点，也是航天运载器最复杂的产品之一，其可重复使用成为实现航天运载器重复使用必须突破的关键技术之一。据介绍，该型液氧煤油发动机作为我国新一代运载火箭的主要动力装置，具有高性能、大推力、无毒无污染等优点。该发动机从设计之初，部组件方案及总体布局按多次工作的要求开展论证，地面研制试验实现了单台发动机不下台重复试车8次。然而，可重复地面试车并不代表着发动机可以适应可重复使用。液体火箭发动机可重复使用还需要突破多次起动、低入口压力快速起动、大范围推力调节、状态评估检测及健康管理、快速简化处理、高温组件结构抗疲劳寿命评估及延寿、全任务剖面复杂力热环境预示及控制等关键技术。据了解，该型发动机于2021年作为某飞行器主动力装置参加首飞试验，经检测维护后参加本次重复飞行试验任务。据公开报道，2021年7月16日，由航天科技集团一院研制的亚轨道重复使用演示验证项目运载器在酒泉卫星发射中心点火起飞，按照设定程序完成飞行后，平稳水平着陆于阿拉善右旗机场。今年的8月26日，该升力式亚轨道运载器的重复使用飞行试验获得圆满成功。飞行试验采用的运载器经健康检测维护后，在酒泉卫星发射中心再次点火垂直起飞，按照设定程序完成亚轨道飞行，平稳水平着陆于阿拉善右旗机场，成功实现我国亚轨道运载器的首次重复使用飞行。

D | 据介绍，此次完成重复飞行试验的液氧煤油发动机从一次飞行使用到两次飞行使用这一小步的意义非凡，它为后续我国开展更大推力的可重复使用液氧煤油发动机研制积累了宝贵经验、探索了道路，标志着中国航天液体动力可重复使用实现了从零到有的突破，迈出了坚实的一大步。

E | （樊巍 党锋刚 王飞）